1. Understanding Sql Server Index
2. Get SQL Server Index Usage stats
3. How to find a better candidate for Clustered Index
4. Find Tables with Missing Index and their respective column candidate to create one

1. What is QTP?

QTP is a functional testing tool developed by Mercury. QuickTest Professional enables you to test standard Windows applications, Web objects, ActiveX controls, and Visual Basic applications. You can also acquire additional QuickTest add-ins for a number of special environments (such as Java, Oracle, SAP Solutions, .NET Windows and Web Forms, Siebel, PeopleSoft, Web services, and terminal emulator applications).

2. What are the different phases of testing through QTP?

The Quick Test testing process consists of 7 main phases:

1. Preparing to record: One needs to keep certain things in mind before actually record a test. Ex- Test cases, Steps to perform while recording, Object should be present in the window on which we are going to record
2. Recording a session on your application: As you navigate through your application or Web site, Quick Test graphically displays each step you perform as a row in the Keyword View. A step is any user action that causes or makes a change in your application, such as clicking a link or image, or entering data in a form.
3. Enhancing your test:
   1. Inserting checkpoints into your test lets you search for a specific value of a page, object, or text string, which helps you determine whether your application or site is functioning correctly.
   2. Broadening the scope of your test, by replacing fixed values with parameters, lets you check how your application performs the same operations with multiple sets of data.
   3. Adding logic and conditional or loop statements enables you to add sophisticated checks to your test.
4. Debugging your test: You debug a test to ensure that it operates smoothly and without interruption.
5. Running your test: You run a test to check the behavior of your application or Web site. While running, Quick Test opens the application, or connects to the Web site, and performs each step in your test.
6. Analyzing the test results: You examine the test results to pinpoint defects in your application.
7. Reporting defects: If you have Quality Center installed, you can report the defects you discover to a database. Quality Center is Mercury Imperative’s software test management tool.

3. What is a Test pane?

The Test pane contains two tabs to view your test or component—the Keyword View and the Expert View.

4. What is keyword view?

The Keyword View enables you to create and view the steps of your test or component in a keyword-driven, modular, table format. Each step in your test or component is a row in the Keyword View, comprised of individual parts which you

can easily modify. You create and modify tests or components by selecting items and operations in the Keyword View and entering information as required.

5. What is Expert view?

In the Expert View, Quick Test displays each operation performed on your application in the form of a script, comprised of VBScript statements. The Expert View is a script editor with many script editing capabilities. For each object and method in an Expert View statement, a corresponding row exists in the Keyword View

6. What is Active Screen?

The Active Screen provides a snapshot of your application as it appeared when you performed a certain step during a recording session. Additionally, depending on the Active Screen capture options that you used while recording, the page displayed in the Active Screen can contain detailed property information about each object displayed on the page.

7. What is Object Repository?

Quick Test identifies objects in your application based on a set of test object properties. It stores the object data it learns in the object repository. For ex- a link may have properties like class – link, HTML tag, Hyperlink, x coordinate and y coordinate. When we run the test, QTP will first read the line in the test which is going to be executed, It then checks whether the object specified is present in the repository or not. Then QTP will find the object in the Application window which is matching the object properties stored in OR. One can add or modify object properties to repository manually

8. What is Data table?

The Data Table assists you in parameterize your test or component. Two Types of data tables

• Global data sheet: Accessible to all the actions
• Local data sheet: Accessible to the associated action only

9. What is Parameterization?

When you test your applications, you may want to check how the application performs the same operations with multiple sets of data. For example, suppose you want to check how your Web site responds to ten separate sets of data. You could record ten separate tests, each with its own set of data. Alternatively, you can create Data Table parameters so that your test runs ten times, each time using a different set of data.

10. What is checkpoint?

Quick Test enables you to add checks to your test or component. A checkpoint is a verification point that compares a current value for a specified property with the expected value for that property. This enables you to identify whether your Web site or application is functioning correctly.

When you add a checkpoint, Quick Test adds a checkpoint to the current row in the Keyword View and adds a Checkpoints statement in the Expert View. When you run the test or component, Quick Test compares the expected results of the checkpoint to the current results. If the results do not match, the checkpoint fails. You can view the results of the checkpoint in the Test Results window.There are different kinds of checkpoints

11. What is outputting Values?

An output value is a step in which one or more values are captured at a specific point in your test or component and stored for the duration of the run session. The values can later be used as input at a different point in the run session. For example – you created a prop professional named “test”. You might later need this name for searching the professional you have just created

12. What is SMART Identification

Smart Identification is nothing but an algorithm used by QTP when it is not able to recognize one of the object. A very generic example as per the QTP manual would be, Lets say We have recorded the left links in our IQ application. Imagine we are to click on “Tearsheet” left link of IBM. After a build lets say the link name is changed from “Tearsheet” to “Company Tearsheet”. Even now QTP will recognize the new link using SI. It will check for other properties of the link such as Hyperlink and hence would recognize and click on the correct link.So it’s the kind of PI (Programmed intelligence) not AI.

13. When should i use SMART Identification?

• Something that people don’t think about too much. But the thing is that you should disable SI while creating your test cases. So that you are able to recognize the objects that are dynamic or inconsistent in their properties. When the script has been created, the SI should be enabled,

  so that the script does not fail in case of small changes. But the developer of the script should always check for the test results to verify if the SI
  feature was used to identify a object or not. Sometimes SI needs to be disabled for particular objects in the OR, this is advisable when you use
  SetTOProperty to change any of the TO properties of an object and especially ordinal identifiers like index, location and creation time.

13. What is a Recovery Scenario?

• Recovery scenario gives you an option to take some action for recovering from a fatal error in the test. The error could range in from occasional to typical errors. Occasional error would be like “Out of paper” popup error while printing something and typical errors would be like “object is disabled” or “object not found”. A test case have more then one scenario associated with it and also have the priority or order in which it should be checked.

What does a Recovery Scenario consists of?

• Trigger: Trigger is nothing but the cause for initiating the recovery scenario. It could be any popup window, any test error, particular state of an object or any application error.
• Action: Action defines what needs to be done if scenario has been triggered. It can consist of a mouse/keyboard event, close application, call a recovery function defined in library file or restart windows. You can have a series of all the specified actions.
• Post-recovery operation: Basically defined what need to be done after the recovery action has been taken. It could be to repeat the step, move to next step etc…

Select The block and press CTRL+M (available in QTP 9 onwards)

2. How to instruct QTP to close the browser when the test completes

Set the Browser Clean Up option

1. Go to Tools -> Options.
2. Select the Web tab.
3. Click .
4. In the “Run Settings” section, set the “Browser cleanup” option.

This will close all open browsers when the test is finished.

3. How to enable/disable the execution marker (the yellow line pointer/arrow)

Enabling or disabling the execution marker (arrow)

To enable the execution marker:
1. Go to Tools -> Options.
2. Select the Run tab.
3. Select the “Normal (displays execution marker)” radio button.
4. Click .

To disable the execution marker:
1. Go to Tools -> Options.
2. Select the Run tab.
3. Select the “Fast” radio button.
4. Click .

3. How to manage a dynamic title of a browser window

Use the “CreationTime” value, a regular expression, or update the property with SetTOProperty

Option1:
Reconfigure the property QuickTest Professional uses to learn the Browser.

In the test’s Object Repository check whether QuickTest Professional is using the “name” property to learn the browser windows. Instead of using the “name” property, reconfigure the learned properties so that QuickTest Professional uses “CreationTime” to learn the browser during recording. “CreationTime” is independent of the title of the browser and is based on when the browser was opened. This is used to differentiate each browser if you are testing in an environment that uses multiple browsers.

If “name” is used with the browser window, do the following:

1. Select Tools -> Object Identification Tool.
2. Select “Web” from the “Environment” drop-down list.
3. You will most likely see “name” under the “Mandatory” or “Assistive” properties lists. Select “name” and remove it from the list.
4. You should not have any properties listed under “Mandatory” or “Assistive,” but you should have “CreationTime” selected in the “Ordinal identifier” drop-down list.
5. Click and record a new test.

In the new test, the Browser objects should no longer pick up the “name” property, but instead use “CreationTime”.
Option2:
If it’s necessary to use the “name” property, then use a regular expression.

If you must use the “name” property to identify the browsers, use a regular expression to handle the dynamic portion of the name

4. Parameterizing object properties updates the shared Object Repository

Update the repository at runtime or make sure each script has the parameter in the data table

You can use the SetTOProperty method to set a property in the Object Repository at runtime rather than parameterizing the object properties.

Object(description).SetTOProperty Property, Value

Where Object is an Astra QuickTest/QuickTest Professional object class. Refer to the QuickTest Object Model Reference (Help -> QuickTest Object Model Reference) to determine if the object class supports the SetTOProperty method.

Property – Test object property to set.
Value – The value to assign to the listed property.

Example:
Window(“WordPad”).Dialog(“Insert Object”).WinRadioButton(“Create from”).SetTOProperty “text”, DataTable(“Create_from_text”, dtGlobalSheet)
Window(“WordPad”).Dialog(“Insert Object”).WinRadioButton(“Create from”).Set

For the above example, the Global data sheet would have a column called “Create_from_text” containing the parameterized value. If you use this method and do not parameterize the object properties, the shared Object Repository will not be updated.

If you prefer to parameterize the object properties, you will need to make sure that the data table has the column with the parameterized data within the specified sheet (Global or Local).

5. How to programmatically load a Shared Object Repository

Use the Automation Object Model to specify the path to a Shared Object Repository:

Dim App ‘As Application
Set App = CreateObject(“QuickTest.Application”)
App.Test.Settings.Resources.ObjectRepositoryPath = “”

Note:
Be sure to replace with the path to the repository you want to use. Now the test will load and use the specified Shared Object Repository.

6. How to select a checkbox in an HTML table based on a value in another column

Use the custom user-defined function WebTableSelectCheckbox

Note:
This function is not part of QuickTest Professional. It is not guaranteed to work and is not supported by Mercury Technical Support. You are responsible for any and all modifications that may be required.

The WebTableSelectCheckbox function will search through a Web (HTML) table, locate the item being searched for, and select the item’s corresponding checkbox.

WebTableSelectCheckbox (WebTblObj, ItemToLocate, ItemColumn, ChkBoxCol)

Sub WebTableSelectCheckbox (WebTblObj, ItemToLocate, ItemColumn, ChkBoxCol)
‘ Total number of rows in html_table
TotalRows = WebTblObj.RowCount

‘ Remain in loop until all rows are searched or until the item is found.
For row= 3 To TotalRows
‘ Retrieve the item from the specified column
ValueShown = WebTblObj.GetCellData(row,ItemColumn)

‘ If item retrieved matches the item searching for, set the
‘ checkbox located in the specified column, and exit the for loop.
If (ItemToLocate = Trim(ValueShown)) Then
Set ChkBoxObj = WebTblObj.ChildItem(row, ChkBoxCol,”WebCheckBox”, 0)
ChkBoxObj.Set “ON”
Exit For
End If
Next
End Sub
Example:
‘ Corresponding column numbers for each column
colSELECT = 1
colNAME = 2
colEMPID = 3
colJOBTITLE = 4
colDEPARTMENT = 5

‘ Create an object for the Web table, this object will be passed into the sub procedure.
Set MyObj = Browser(“Multiple Oper”).Page(“Multiple Oper”).WebTable(“Direct Reports”)
‘ Locate the “323214″ object in the colEMPID column and set the checkbox in the first column.
WebTableSelectCheckbox MyObj, “323214″, colEMPID, 1

Note:
You can also register the function so it can be used directly with the WebTable object.

7. How to determine the number of links in a WebTable

Note:
These suggestions can be modified to count other objects as well.

Loop through the cells in the table counting the number of links as they are found. You can use the ChildItemCount method to capture the number of links in the specified cell.

Example:
Set oTable = Browser(“Link Table Example”).Page(“Link Table Example”).WebTable(“Yahoo”)
Rows = oTable.RowCount
Links = 0
For i=1 to Rows
For j=1 to oTable.ColumnCount(i)
link_cnt = oTable.ChildItemCount (i,j,”Link”)
‘ Highlight each link in the table
For l = 0 to link_cnt-1
oTable.ChildItem(i,j,”Link”, l).Highlight
Next
links = links + link_cnt
Next
Next

MsgBox “Number of links in table: ” & links

If you are only testing Internet Explorer, you can also access the DOM to determine how many links are contained in the HTML table.

set linkcol = Browser(“Link Table Example”).Page(“Link Table Example”).WebTable(“Yahoo”).Object.all.tags(“A”)
msgbox linkcol.length

8. Where is the Object Repository file for a script located

The Object Repository file is stored in the Action directory of the test

The Object Repository is stored as the Resource.mtr file. You will find this file within the test script directory in the folders for your Actions (e.g., Action1).

1. What is Quality center?

Quality Center helps you maintain a project of all kinds of tests (such as QuickTest tests, business process tests, manual tests, tests created using other Mercury products, and so on) that cover all aspects of your application’s functionality.

Quality Center provides an intuitive and efficient method for scheduling and running tests, collecting results, analyzing the results, and managing test versions. It also features a system for tracking defects, enabling you to monitor defects closely from initial detection until resolution.

2. What is a Quality center project?

A Quality Center project is a database for collecting and storing data relevant to a testing process.

3. What are the components of Quality Center?

Requirements: This is a place where one can store all the requirement of a particular project.

Test plan: Place where the entire test plan and the respective script can be stored.

Test lab: Place where we can create test sets and define how and when to run a particular test set

Defect: Place from where defects can be logged

DashBoard: Summary of project and graphical representation of test script and defects.

4. What are Test set?

A bunch of test to be scheduled to run.

5. How to run a test set?

Test set can be scheduled to run from Quality center using test lab. A test lab consist of following section

• Execution Grid: We can select the test which forms the part of test set.
• Execution Flow: One can define of the flow of test run and there precedence.
• Test Set Properties:
  • Notification: People who will be notified about the test run can be added here.
  • On Failure: The behavior of QTP after a failure.
  • Attachments:
  • Details: Detail about the test set

6. What are the advantages of Using Quality center?

• Run a batch of test.
• Schedule the time of run.
• Schedule the test flow.
• Email notification.
• Manage test effectively.

Sub Mail_workbook_Outlook_1()
‘Working in 2000-2007
‘This example send the last saved version of the Activeworkbook
Dim OutApp As Object
Dim OutMail As Object

Set OutApp = CreateObject(“Outlook.Application”)
OutApp.Session.Logon
Set OutMail = OutApp.CreateItem(0)

On Error Resume Next
With OutMail
.To = “xxx@xxx.com”
.CC = “yyy@yyy.com”
.BCC = “”
.Subject = “This is the Subject line”
.Body = “Hi there”
.Attachments.Add ActiveWorkbook.FullName
‘You can add other files also like this
‘.Attachments.Add (“C:\RunResult.xls”)
.Send ‘or use .Display
End With
On Error GoTo 0

Set OutMail = Nothing
Set OutApp = Nothing
End Sub

‘ Set the Quality center username , password, Folder Name and new URL for the Record and Run settings here.

Usr = InputBox(“Quality Center UserName:”)
Pass = InputBox(“Quality Center Password:”)
TestFolder = “Subject\”&InputBox(“Specify Folder Name where test is located:”)&”\”
NewURL = InputBox(“New URL:”)

‘ Retrive Test Name into tsetList
Set td=createobject(“TDApiOle80.TDConnection.1″)
td.InitConnectionEx “http://QC_URL/qcbin/”
td.ConnectProjectEx “Domain_Name”, “Project_Name”, Usr, Pass
Set tstMgr = td.TreeManager

‘Specify the Folder path in TestPlan, All the scripts under that will be executed.
Set tsttr = tstMgr.NodeByPath(TestFolder)
Set tsetFact = tsttr.TestFactory
Set tsetList = tsetFact.NewList(“”)
‘Retrieve the Individual Test Scripts from the Test Plan Folder
For Each tset in tsetList
msgbox tset.Name
Next
‘ Create a QuickTest Professional instance
Set qtApp = CreateObject(“QuickTest.Application”)

‘ Launch QTP and make it visible
qtApp.Launch ‘ Start QuickTest
qtApp.Visible = True ‘ Make the QuickTest application visible
qtApp.TDConnection.Connect “http://QC_URL/qcbin/”, “Domain_Name”, “Project_Name”, Usr, Pass, False ‘ Connect to Quality Center
If qtApp.TDConnection.IsConnected Then ‘ If connection is successful
Msgbox “Connected”
For Each tset in tsetList
msgbox tset.Name
‘Open the specified test
qtApp.Open TestFolder & tset.name, False, False
‘ Update the URL
qtApp.Test.Settings.Launchers(“Web”).Address = NewURL ‘Change URL
‘ Save the modified test
qtApp.Test.Save
Next
End If

‘ Close the QuickTest Professional instance
qtApp.Quit
‘ Release the objects
Set qtApp = Nothing
Set td = Nothing
msgbox “done”

Call CreateXMLFile(Innertext, FileName)

Function CreateXMLFile(Innertext, FileName)
Set doc = XMLUtil.CreateXML()
doc.Load Innertext
doc.SaveFile “C:\QTP\Webservice\” &Filename
End Function

Following is the function which writes result to an excel file at run time. If the file is there it appends the result into last row, otherwise it creates a new excel file and then writes the result

Function RunResult(ReturnFlag)

Dim fso, msg,filename, NewSheet,col
Set fso = CreateObject(“Scripting.FileSystemObject”)
filename = “C:\QTP\RunResult.xls”
If (fso.FileExists(filename)) Then
‘ Access the Excel Object Model.
Set ExcelObj = CreateObject(“Excel.Application”)
ExcelObj.Visible = true

‘ Open up the Excel file which has the rows or columns to be hidden.
ExcelObj.Workbooks.Open filename

‘ Get the first sheet
‘Set NewSheet = ExcelObj.Sheets(“result”)
Set NewSheet = ExcelObj.Sheets.Item(1)

‘ Get the last row and column info
ExcelGetLastRowCol NewSheet, row, col

If int(DataTable(“Excel_Row”,dtGlobalSheet))<>int(row) Then
row = row+1
DataTable(“Excel_Row”,dtGlobalSheet) = row
NewSheet.Cells(row,1) = Environment(“TestName”)
NewSheet.Cells(row,1).WrapText = True
NewSheet.Cells(row,2) = Date
NewSheet.Cells(row,3) = Datatable(“Criteria”,dtGlobalSheet)
NewSheet.Cells(row,3).WrapText = True
If InStr(1,ReturnFlag,”False”) <> 0 Then
NewSheet.Cells(row,4).Font.ColorIndex = 3
Else
If InStr(1,ReturnFlag,”Not Done”) <> 0 Then
NewSheet.Cells(row,4).Font.ColorIndex = 11
Else
NewSheet.Cells(row,4).Font.ColorIndex = 10
End If
End If
NewSheet.Cells(row,4) = ReturnFlag
NewSheet.Cells(row,4).WrapText = True
Else
row = row
col = col+1
If InStr(1,ReturnFlag,”False”) <> 0 Then
NewSheet.Cells(row,col).Font.ColorIndex = 3
NewSheet.Cells(row,col).Font.Bold = True
Else
If InStr(1,ReturnFlag,”Not Done”) <> 0 Then
NewSheet.Cells(row,col).Font.ColorIndex = 11
Else
NewSheet.Cells(row,col).Font.ColorIndex = 10
End If
End If
NewSheet.Cells(row,col) = ReturnFlag
NewSheet.Cells(row,col).WrapText = True
End If

‘NewSheet.Cells(row,2) = Datatable(“OPEN”,dtlocalSheet)
‘ NewSheet.Cells(row,3) = Datatable(“Criteria”,dtGlobalSheet)
‘NewSheet.Cells(row,4) = ReturnFlag
‘NewSheet.Cells(row,5) = Datatable(“CLOSE”,dtlocalSheet)

‘ Release objects and close Excel
‘Set NewSheet = nothing
ExcelObj.ActiveWorkbook.Save
ExcelObj.Quit
Set ExcelObj = nothing

Else

‘ create the Excel object
Set ExcelObj = CreateObject(“Excel.Application”)

‘ add a new Workbooks and a new Sheet
ExcelObj.Workbooks.Add

Set NewSheet = ExcelObj.Sheets.Item(1)
NewSheet.Name = “Result”

‘ loop through all the information in the Dictionary object
‘ and report it to the Excel sheet

NewSheet.Cells(1,1) = “Test Name”
NewSheet.Cells(1,1).Font.Bold = True
NewSheet.Cells(1,1).ColumnWidth = 20
NewSheet.Cells(1,2) = “Run Date”
NewSheet.Cells(1,2).ColumnWidth = 10
NewSheet.Cells(1,2).Font.Bold = True
NewSheet.Cells(1,3) = “Criteria”
NewSheet.Cells(1,3).ColumnWidth = 70
NewSheet.Cells(1,3).Font.Bold = True
NewSheet.Cells(1,4) = “Case 1″
NewSheet.Cells(1,4).ColumnWidth = 35
NewSheet.Cells(1,4).Font.Bold = True
NewSheet.Cells(1,5) = “Case 2″
NewSheet.Cells(1,5).ColumnWidth = 35
NewSheet.Cells(1,5).Font.Bold = True
NewSheet.Cells(1,6) = “Case 3″
NewSheet.Cells(1,6).ColumnWidth = 35
NewSheet.Cells(1,6).Font.Bold = True
NewSheet.Cells(1,7) = “Case 4″
NewSheet.Cells(1,7).ColumnWidth = 35
NewSheet.Cells(1,7).Font.Bold = True
NewSheet.Cells(1,8) = “Case 5″
NewSheet.Cells(1,8).ColumnWidth = 35
NewSheet.Cells(1,8).Font.Bold = True
NewSheet.Cells(1,9) = “Case 6″
NewSheet.Cells(1,9).ColumnWidth = 35
NewSheet.Cells(1,9).Font.Bold = True
NewSheet.Cells(2,1) = Environment(“TestName”)
NewSheet.Cells(2,1).WrapText = True
NewSheet.Cells(2,2) = Date
NewSheet.Cells(2,3) = Datatable(“Criteria”,dtGlobalSheet)
NewSheet.Cells(2,3).WrapText = True
If InStr(1,ReturnFlag,”False”) <> 0 Then
NewSheet.Cells(2,4).Font.ColorIndex = 3
Else
If InStr(1,ReturnFlag,”Not Done”) <> 0 Then
NewSheet.Cells(2,4).Font.ColorIndex = 11
Else
NewSheet.Cells(2,4).Font.ColorIndex = 10

End If
End If
NewSheet.Cells(2,4) = ReturnFlag
NewSheet.Cells(2,4).WrapText = True
DataTable(“Excel_Row”,dtGlobalSheet) = 2

‘ customize the Sheet layout
‘NewSheet.Columns(“A:A”).ColumnWidth = 20
‘NewSheet.Columns(“A:A”).Font.Bold = True
‘NewSheet.Columns(“B:B”).ColumnWidth = 60
‘NewSheet.Columns(“B:B”).HorizontalAlignment = -4108 ‘ xlCenter

‘ save the Excel file
‘ Dim Filename
filename = “C:\QTP\RunResult.xls”
ExcelObj.ActiveWorkbook.SaveAs Filename

‘ close the application and clean the object
ExcelObj.Quit
Set ExcelObj = Nothing
End If
‘ ReportFileStatus = msg
End Function

Function ExcelGetLastRowCol(Sheet, Row, Col)
‘ Define some Excel constants
const xlUp = -4162
const xlToLeft = -4159

‘ Get the position of the last row containing data.
LastRow = Sheet.Range(“A65536″).End(xlUp).Row
‘ Get the position of the last column containing data for the above row.
colrange = “IV” & LastRow
LastCol = Sheet.Range(colrange).End(xlToLeft ).Column

‘ Return the row and column values
Row = LastRow
Col = LastCol
End Function

oDesc1(“micclass”).Value = “WebRadioGroup”

oDesc1(“html tag”).value = “INPUT”

Set Radiobuttons = Browser(“Index:=0″).Page(“title:=Create.*”).ChildObjects(oDesc1)

NumberOfRadioButtons = Radiobuttons.Count()

If NumberOfRadioButtons <> 0 then

Radiobuttons.Item(1).Select “#” & 0

end if